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Organic compounds and markers from wood combustion in boilers used for household heating
Křůmal, Kamil ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Horák, J. ; Jaroch, M. ; Hopan, F. ; Kuboňová, L.
Organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and organic markers (monosaccharide anhydrides, diterpenoids) used for the identification of aerosol emission sources were measured in the emissions from the combustion of hard and soft wood. Wood was combusted in different boilers used for the residential heating in the Czech Republic, i.e., overfire boiler, boiler with down-draft combustion, gasification boiler and automatic boiler. Emission factors of particles and all measured organic compounds were the highest from the combustion of fuels in the oldest (overfire) boiler.
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Ultrasonic detosylation of saccharide derivatives
Zyková, Kamila ; Kroutil, Jiří (advisor) ; Jindřich, Jindřich (referee)
This bachelor thesis is foccused on finding optimal reaction conditions (solvent, grade of used magnesium, pH, reaction time) for ultrasound cleavage of tosyl group in the reaction of tosyl derivatives of levoglucosan with magnesium in alcohols. Grade of used magnesium has substantional effect on reaction yields. No detosylation was detected in the presence of HCl or upon the catalysis with copper ions. The substitution of the levoglucosan skeleton with the functional groups, which are reducible more easily than tosyl group, lead to the zero yield of detosylation. Under optimal reaction conditions, isolated yields were up to 26 %.
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